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The working principle of gears can be traced back to the principle of levers. When two or more gears are meshed together, they form a "gear transmission" or "gear train." When one gear (the driving gear) rotates, its teeth push the teeth of another gear (the driven gear) that is meshed with it, causing the driven gear to rotate as well.
When gears are used in conjunction with racks, they can convert rotational motion into linear motion (such as the rack and pinion mechanism in a car's steering system).
Normally, two directly meshing gears rotate in opposite directions. If it is necessary to maintain the same direction of rotation, an intermediate gear (idler gear) can be introduced.
Depending on the gear ratio (tooth number ratio), gears can amplify or reduce torque.
Gears transmit the rotational motion of one shaft to another through the continuous meshing of teeth
The gear transmission meshes stably, is not prone to slippage, and works reliably.
Under normal use and maintenance, the gears have a long life and a low failure rate.
Depending on the gear type, power transmission between parallel axes (such as spur gears, helical gears), intersecting axes (such as bevel gears) and staggered axes (such as worm gears) can be achieved to adapt to various complex mechanical layouts.
Through different gear combinations (such as gearboxes), multi-speed changes can be achieved to meet the speed and torque requirements under different working conditions.
Through external or internal meshing gears, the rotation direction of the output shaft can be changed.
Gears are made of strong materials (usually alloy steel) and are precisely processed and heat treated to enable them to withstand large loads and torques, making them suitable for heavy loads and high power applications.
Gear transmission usually has a high transmission efficiency, generally up to 95% or more, and energy loss is very small, especially when lubricated well. This makes it perform well in situations where efficient power transmission is required (such as automobile gearboxes and wind turbines).
Gear transmission transmits motion through the precise meshing of teeth, so it can achieve a very accurate and constant transmission ratio. This is especially important in precision machinery (such as clocks and machine tools) where speed and position need to be strictly controlled.
The transmission ratio can be precisely designed and adjusted by changing the ratio of the number of teeth of the large and small gears.
